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Hypertension

Hypertension is more common in athletes who have insufficient training, less competition experience, illness and long-term interruption of training for some reason because the physical burden during training or competition exceeds physical ability. Therefore, it often occurs immediately or within a short period of time after training or competition. There are several manifestations of excessive tension caused by exercise.

Manifestations

Acute gastrointestinal dysfunction and "Exercisestress ulcer" (Exercisestress ulcer): Acute gastrointestinal dysfunction is the most common type of overstress. Athletes experience nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, and dizziness after intense training or competition. The complexion is pale and weak. It mostly occurs after short and middle-distance running, swimming, skating and cycling. Treatment includes resting quietly, keeping warm, and eating easy-to-digest diets. Generally, the condition will get better after 1 to 2 days. Hematemesis may sometimes occur, which may be caused by gastric mucosal erosion and bleeding caused by exercise stress. This disease is called "exercise stress ulcer", "acute gastric mucosal bleeding", "acute hemorrhagic gastritis", and "acute erosion" "Acute gastric ulcer or gastritis" or "acute gastric mucosal disease" and so on. Its pathogenesis may be due to intense exercise and emotional tension that make sympathetic nerve activity dominate, and gastric vasospasm, especially mucosal vasospasm, causes mucosal lesions. It is also believed that the onset of exercise stress ulcers is related to the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisone, which causes increased gastric acid secretion and changes in gastric mucosal permeability. Exercise stress ulcers generally do not have a lot of bleeding, and they often stop bleeding automatically and get better after 2 to 3 days. After the occurrence of a stress ulcer, high-intensity training should be temporarily stopped, and treatment should be carried out according to the principle of treating peptic ulcers.

Fainting: It is a transient loss of consciousness that occurs suddenly during or after exercise. After being awake, you may feel headache, dizziness, general weakness, nausea and vomiting. Heart rate can be increased, blood pressure can be decreased, breathing can be increased or slowed, and the above symptoms generally disappear quickly. Fainting is caused by cerebral ischemia. The treatment should make the athlete rest on his back. The head can be lowered. The ammonia water can be sniffed. Oxygen can be inhaled if possible. 40-60ml of 25-50% glucose solution can be injected intravenously. Keep warm and refer to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment if necessary.

Acute cardiac insufficiency and myocardial damage: Acute cardiac insufficiency, acute myocardial infarction, and even sudden death caused by heart disease after strenuous exercise. Anatomy confirmed that most sudden deaths have organic cardiac diseases, such as coronary artery disease, myocardial degeneration, aortic rupture, myocardial necrosis and hemorrhage, but there are also cases where the cause of death cannot be found after autopsy. It is speculated that it may be severe due to acute heart failure. Caused by arrhythmia or arrest. First-aid measures for cardiac insufficiency include oxygen inhalation, slow intravenous injection of Toxicin K0. 25mg added to 25% glucose 20-40ml solution, or intramuscular injection of Dulan Ding 50mg, and then sent to the hospital for treatment. If myocardial infarction is suspected, it should be properly transferred to the hospital for emergency treatment. In the event of cardiac arrest, an external cardiac massage and artificial respiration should be performed immediately, and epinephrine, isoproterenol and norepinephrine 1mg each should be injected into the heart, and be transferred to the hospital for continued rescue.

Cerebral vasospasm: Sudden numbness of one limb after exercise, inflexible movement or numbness, accompanied by headache, nausea and vomiting, the first aid should make the athlete sit quietly, intravenous injection of 50% glucose 40-60ml, immediately send to the hospital for treatment.

过度紧张
過度緊張

过度紧张多见于训练不足、比赛经验较少、患病和因故长期中断训练的运动员,是由于训练或比赛时体力上的负担超过了身体能力的缘故。故常在一次训练或比赛后即刻或短时间内发病。运动引起过度紧张的表现有以下几种。





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